The Jurade of Saint-Émilion: Guardians of Wine Heritage
At Merlot et Moi, we are passionate about sharing the rich history and traditions that shape the world of wine. One such tradition is the Jurade of Saint-Émilion, a historic wine brotherhood that has been pivotal in maintaining the quality and heritage of Saint-Émilion wines.
History of the Jurade
The story of the famous wine-protecting brotherhood, the Jurade of Saint-Émilion, begins with the Falaise Charter in 1199. During a 300-year period under English rule, King John Lackland of England, brother to the legendary Richard the Lionheart, signed this landmark document on July 8th, 1199. The charter empowered the citizens of Saint-Émilion to self-govern, exercise regulatory control, and manage the administrative affairs of their town. This unprecedented influence extended particularly to matters related to their prized wine production.
In 1289, during the reign of Edward I, these rights were expanded to include the parishes of the Jurisdiction of Saint-Émilion, giving rise to the name “Jurade.” This significant development granted a form of semi-autonomy to Saint-Émilion, laying the groundwork for developing this world-renowned wine region.
Guardians of the Grape and St-Émilion Wine Production
Because the wine trade was vital to the town of Saint-Émilion, the Jurade oversaw the production of “fine” wines, kept the branding irons that labeled every barrel (to limit forgery and abuses), and destroyed any wine deemed unworthy of the Saint-Émilion label. This rigorous quality control was crucial as wine from Saint-Émilion gained global renown, requiring strict standards to uphold its prestige.
Revival and Modern Transformation
Revived in 1948 after being disbanded during the French Revolution, the modern Jurade is primarily a promotional organisation for the region’s winemakers, while regulatory duties have been transferred to the INAO (Institut national de l’origine et de la qualité). Though its regulatory powers have diminished, the Jurade’s role in promotion and advocacy is crucial for maintaining Saint-Émilion’s status on the world wine map.
Annual Ceremonies: A Time-Honored Tradition
Every year, the Jurade announces the “Jugement du Vin Nouveau” on the third Sunday in June and the “Ban des Vendanges” (the start of the harvest) on the third Sunday in September. These ceremonies serve not only as traditional rituals but also as platforms to showcase the exceptional quality of wines produced in the region. The Jurade organises tastings and induction ceremonies worldwide, celebrating the excellence of Saint-Émilion wines.
Today, the Jurade continues to influence contemporary wine-making in Saint-Émilion, ensuring that the heritage and prestige of the wines are preserved. Through their rigorous quality control and vibrant cultural activities, the Jurade maintains the standards that make Saint-Émilion wines some of the most respected in the world.
Understanding the history and significance of the Jurade adds a deeper appreciation for the wines of Saint-Émilion. At Merlot et Moi, we invite you to explore this rich wine culture with us. Whether through a private tour or a tasting session, we look forward to sharing the heritage and excellence of Saint-Émilion wines with you.